Republic of Peru

Brazil and Peru have maintained a Strategic Alliance since 2003. The main topics on the bilateral agenda include the strengthening of economic-commercial ties, border integration, improvement of regional infrastructure, and cooperation in several areas, such as security, the fight against drug trafficking, science and technology, and technical cooperation.

Both countries are members of the Latin American Integration Association (ALADI). In January 2019, the schedule for tariff elimination of the Economic Complementation Agreement No. 58 between MERCOSUR and Peru was completed. It was preceded by the conclusion of the MERCOSUR  tariff elimination agreements with other countries in the region, which allowed the formation of a virtual area of free trade between Brazil and South America.

Brazil is Peru’s third largest trading partner. In 2018, the commercial exchange was $3.97 billion between both countries, an increase of 2.5% in relation to 2017. Brazilian exports reached $2.15 billion, and imports reached $1.81 billion. Brazil exported to Peru mainly passenger cars; polymers of ethylene, propylene and styrene; chassis; iron and steel bars; paper and cardboard. In turn, Brazil imported naphtha; copper ores and their concentrates; zinc ores and their concentrates and copper cathodes and their elements.

Border integration is a priority on the bilateral relations. Brazil shares with Peru its second longest border (2.995 km), only behind Bolivia. In 2009, the two countries signed an agreement to establish the Brazil - Peru Vice-Ministerial Commission for Border Integration (CVIF), which provides a framework for discussing topics such as integrated border control; transport; border health; environmental cooperation and indigenous subjects.

In order to deepen border cooperation and foster development in the region, the Commission has three border committees and different working groups, such as the Group on Border Environmental Cooperation (GCAF) and the Working Group on Border Health.

The fight against transnational crimes, particularly drug trafficking, is another topic of great importance on the bilateral agenda, given the common challenges that Brazil and Peru share in border areas. The Joint Commission on drugs and related topics has been a forum for the political and diplomatic monitoring of the constant collaboration between the authorities of the two countries for law enforcement in the border region.

Brazil maintains with Peru its most extensive technical cooperation program with a South American country. The initiatives underway cover the areas of health, water resources, agroforestry systems, social development, labor, among others.

Chronology of bilateral relations

2019 – Vice President Antônio Hamilton Mourão visits Peru (Lima, October 23-25)

2019 – The General Secretary of Foreign Affairs, Otavio Brandelli, visits Peru (Lima, March 26)

2018 – President Michel Temer visits Peru on the occasion of the 8th Summit of the Americas (April 13-14)

2017 – The General Secretary of Foreign Affairs, Marcos Galvão, and the President of Peru, Pedro Paulo Kuczynski, Foreign Minister of Peru, Ricardo Luna Mendoza, Vice-Minister of Foreign Relations of Peru Nestor Popolizio, and the Director of the Summit of the Americas of the Peruvian group, Hugo de Zela, meet. (Lima, November 23)

2016 – Minister Mauro Vieira and the Minister of Development, Industry and Foreign Trade, Armando Monteiro Neto, visit Lima; signing of Brazil-Peru Economic-Commercial Expansion Agreement (April 29)

2015 –  Brazil-Peru Ministerial Statement (Lima, July 21)

2015 – Meeting between Bolivia, Brazil, Ecuador and Peru to promote safe migration in South America (July 13-14) [Joint Statement]

2015 – Fifth Meeting of the Ministerial Commission on Border Integration and Eleventh Brazil-Peru Political Consultation Meeting are held under the co-chairmanship of the Secretary General of Foreign Affairs, Ambassador Sérgio Danese, and the Deputy Foreign Affairs Minister of Peru, Ambassador Julio Eduardo Martinetti (Brasilia, July 7)

2014 - President Ollanta Humala visits Brazil to participate in the BRICS-South American countries Summit and in the China-Latin American and the Caribbean Leaders' Summit (July 17)

2013 – President Dilma Rousseff makes an official visit to Peru. Signing of an Agreement on the elimination of mobile roaming fees in the border region (November 11) [Adopted acts]

2013 – Peruvian Foreign Minister Eda Rivas makes an official visit to Brasília and meets with Minister Antonio de Aguiar Patriota (July 24) [Adopted acts / Portuguese]

2013 – APEX/MDIC business mission to Lima made up of 49 Brazilian companies (May 23)

2012 – Sixth Ordinary Meeting of the UNASUR Council of Heads of State and Government (Lima, Peru, November 30) [Adopted Documents - Portuguese/Spanish]

2012 – The Minister of Foreign Affairs, Antonio de Aguiar Patriota meets with Peruvian Foreign Minister Rafael Roncagliolo (Lima, August 6)

2012 – The Minister of Foreign Affairs of Peru, Rafael Roncagliolo, visits Brazil (March 1)

2011 – The Minister of Foreign Affairs of Peru, Rafael Roncagliolo, visits Brazil and is hosted by the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Antonio de Aguiar Patriota. It is the first official visit of the Peruvian Foreign Minister to Brazil (October 31) [Adopted acts / Spanish]

2011 – The Interoceanic Highway, connecting the state of Acre to the Pacific, is completed (September)

2011 – President Dilma visits Peru to attend an extraordinary UNASUR meeting (July 29)

2011 – Brazil-Peru Integrated Border Control exercises (January 10-13)

2010 – The President of Peru, Alan García, visits Manaus (June 16)

2009 – Peru announces the adoption of the ISDB-T standard in digital television

2009 – President Lula visits  Lima. On the occasion, an agreement to establish the Brazil-Peru Zone of Border Integration (ZIF) and the Vice-Ministerial Commission on Border Integration (CVIF) is signed (December 11)

2005 – Construction of the Interoceanic Highway between Brazil and Peru begins

2003 – President Lula visits Lima. Signing of the Mercosur-Peru Economic Complementation Agreement (ACE-58) and the Memorandum of Understanding on Protection and Vigilance of the Amazon Region, bases for the “Strategic Alliance” with Peru, launched at the occasion

1998 – Signing of the Brasília Peace Agreements between Peru and Ecuador

1995 – Hostilities between Peru and Ecuador resume due to the dispute over the Cenepa Valley. Brazil acts as coordinator of the guarantor countries of the 1942 Protocol and sponsors the Itamaraty Declaration of Peace

1987 – Creation of the Binational Working Group on Amazon Cooperation and Border Development (GTB)

1981 – President João Figueiredo travels to Peru (first visit of a Brazilian President). Signing of the Agreement on Highway Interconnection

1942 – Signing of the Rio de Janeiro Protocol. Brazil is one of the guarantors of the pact, which delimits the disputed border between Peru and Ecuador

1925 – Minute of Washington, signed by Brazil, Colombia and Peru, confirms the Tabatinga-Apapóris line as the border between Brazil and Colombia

1909 – Signing of the bilateral Treaty on Borders and Navigation, through which the remainder of the border with Peru is negotiated, corresponding to the territory of Acre

1904 – A new bilateral Border Treaty ratifies the Tabatinga-Apapóris line as the border

1876 – Signing of the Agreement on Free Navigation in the Içá, or Putumayo, River

1869 – Reestablishment of diplomatic relations

1867 – Brazil severs diplomatic relations with Peru due to the Peruvian support for Paraguay in the Triple Alliance War

1851 – Signing of the Special Convention on Trade, Navigation and Limits with Peru, which defines the border along the Javari River and the Tabatinga-Apapóris line, on the basis of uti possidetis, and grants Peru the right of free navigation in the Amazon River

1829 – Duarte da Ponte Ribeiro is appointed as the first Chargé d’Affaires of the Brazilian Empire in Lima

1828 – Withdrawal of Domingos Cáceres from Rio de Janeiro after the signing of the Piquiza Treaty between Peru and Bolivia. In the Treaty, the two republics undertook not to establish relations with Brazil until the Empire celebrated peace with the United Provinces (Argentina) in the Cisplatin war

1826 – Under the government of Simón Bolívar, Peru appoints José Domingos Cáceres as its first Chargé d’Affaires in Rio de Janeiro